#  Bibliography 

 



<a>**Pre-Mauryan Age**</a>

Basham, Arthur Llewllyn. *The Wonder That Was India: A Survey of the Culture of the Indian Sub-Continent Before the Coming of the Muslims.* London: Sidgwick and Jackson, 1954. Reprint, London: Picador, 2004.

Bechert, Heinz, ed. *The Dating of the Historical Buddha = Die Datierung Des Historischen Buddha*. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck &amp; Ruprecht, 1991.

Cousins, L. S. “The Dating of the Historical Buddha: A Review Article.” *Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 6*, no. 1 (April 1996): 57–63. \[[https://www.jstor.org/stable/25183119](https://www.jstor.org/stable/25183119?seq=1); not open access\]

  
Neelis, Jason. [*Early Buddhist Transmission and Trade Networks: Mobility and Exchange within and beyond the Northwestern Borderlands of South Asia*](https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h16r). Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2011.

<a>**Mauryan Age**</a>

Shimada, Akira. *Early Buddhist Architecture in Context: The Great Stūpa at Amarāvatī (ca. 300 BCE–300 CE).* Brill's Indological Library, Vol. 43. Leiden: Brill, 2013.

Thapar, Romila. “The Later Mauryas.” In [*Aśoka and the Decline of the Mauryas*](https://oxford-universitypressscholarship-com.ezp-prod1.hul.harvard.edu/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198077244.001.0001/acprof-9780198077244)*, 229–247*. Oxford University Press, 2012.

<a>**Sunga and Indo-Greek**</a>

Bhandare, Shailendra. "Numismatics and History: The Maurya-Gupta Interlude in the Gangetic Plain." In *Between the Empires: Society in India 300 BCE to 400 CE*, edited by Patrick Olivelle, 67–112. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006. Oxford Scholarship Online, 2011. \[[10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195305326.003.0004](https://www.researchgate.net/deref/http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195305326.003.0004)\]

Ollett, Andrew. [*Language of the Snakes: Prakrit, Sanskrit, and the Language Order of Premodern India*](https://www.luminosoa.org/site/books/m/10.1525/luminos.37/)*.* South Asia Across the Disciplines. Oakland, CA: University of California Press, 2017. \[<https://doi.org/10.1525/luminos.37>\]

<a>**Satavahana-Saka-Kushan Age** </a>

Cribb, Joe. “Numismatic evidence and the date of Kaniṣka I.” In [*Problems of Chronology in Gandhāran Art: Proceedings of the First International Workshop of the Gandhāra Connections Project, University of Oxfort, 23rd–24th March, 2017*](https://www.cvaonline.org/PublicFiles/media/Final%20e-version%20Problems%20of%20Chronology%20in%20Gandharan%20Art.pdf), edited by Wannaporn Rienjang and Peter Stewart, 7–34. Oxford: Archaeopress Archaeology, 2018.

Errington, Elizabeth, Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis, and Joe Cribb. *From Persepolis to the Punjab: Exploring Ancient Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan*. London: British Museum Press, 2007.

Neelis, Jason. [*Early Buddhist Transmission and Trade Networks: Mobility and Exchange within and beyond the Northwestern Borderlands of South Asia*](https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h16r)*.* Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2011.

Ollett, Andrew. [*Language of the Snakes: Prakrit, Sanskrit, and the Language Order of Premodern India*](https://www.luminosoa.org/site/books/m/10.1525/luminos.37/)*.* South Asia Across the Disciplines. Oakland, CA: University of California Press, 2017. \[<https://doi.org/10.1525/luminos.37>\]

Quintanilla, Sonia Rhie. *History of Early Stone Sculpture at Mathura, ca. 150 BCE–100 CE*. Studies in Asian Art and Archaology, Vol. 25. Leiden: Brill, 2007. \[<https://brill.com/view/title/13083>\]

Shimada, Akira. “Formation of Andhran Buddhist Narrative: A Preliminary Survey.” In *Buddhist Narrative in Asia and Beyond: In Honor of HRH Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn on Her Fifty-Fifth Birth Anniversary*, edited by Peter Skilling, and Justin McDaniel. Bangkok: Institute of Thai Studies, Chulalongkorn University, 2012.

Stone, Elizabeth Rosen. *The Buddhist Art of Nāgārjunakoṇḍa.* Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1994.

Thapar, Romila. *Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300.* Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2002.

Willis, Michael D., Joe Cribb, and Julia Shaw. *Buddhist Reliquaries from Ancient India.* London: British Museum Press, 2000.

<a>**Gupta-Vākāṭaka Age**</a>

Bhandare, Shailendra. "Numismatics and History: The Maurya-Gupta Interlude in the Gangetic Plain." In *Between the Empires: Society in India 300 BCE to 400 CE*, edited by Patrick Olivelle, 67–112. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006. Oxford Scholarship Online, 2011. \[[10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195305326.003.0004](https://www.researchgate.net/deref/http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195305326.003.0004)\]

Grousset, René. *The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia*. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1970.

Neelis, Jason. [*Early Buddhist Transmission and Trade Networks: Mobility and Exchange within and beyond the Northwestern Borderlands of South Asia*](https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h16r)*.* Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2011.

Sen, Tansen. “[The Travel Records of Chinese Pilgrims: Faxian, Xuanzang, and Yijing.](http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/special/travel_records.pdf)” *Education about Asia* 11, no. 3 (winter 2006): 24–33.

Spink, Walter. *Ajaṇtạ̄: History and Development, Volume 1*. *The End of the Golden Age.* Leiden, Boston: Brill, 2005.

Spink, Walter. *Ajaṇtạ̄: History and Development, Volume 5. Cave by Cave*. Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2007.

Williams, Joanna Gottfried. *The Art of Gupta India: Empire and Province.* Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1982.

Wink, André. *Al-Hind, the Making of the Indo-Islamic World.* Leiden; New York: Brill, 1990.

<a>**Pusyabhuti and Chalukyan Ascendancy**</a>

Davidson, Ronald M. *Indian Esoteric Buddhism: A Social History of the Tantric Movement.* New York: Columbia University Press, 2002. \[<https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7312/davi12618>; not open access\]

Eaton, Richard Maxwell. *India in the Persianate Age, 1000–1765.* London: Allen Lane, 2019. \[<https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520325128/india-in-the-persianate-age>; excerpt but not full access\]

Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. *A History of South India: From Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar.* 3rd ed. London: Oxford University Press, 1966.

Wink, André. *Al-Hind, the Making of the Indo-Islamic World.* Leiden; New York: Brill, 1990.

<a>**Gurjara-Pratiharas, Palas and Rashtrakutas \[c. 700 – 975 CE\]**</a>

Davidson, Ronald M. *Indian Esoteric Buddhism: A Social History of the Tantric Movement.* New York: Columbia University Press, 2002. \[<https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7312/davi12618>; not open access\]

Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. *A History of South India: From Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar.* 3rd ed. London: Oxford University Press, 1966.

Wink, André. *Al-Hind, the Making of the Indo-Islamic World.* Leiden; New York: Brill, 1990.

**More References**

Bhandare, Shailendra. “[Money and the Monuments: Coins of the Sada Dynasty of the Coastal Andhra Region.](https://www.academia.edu/31444203/Money_and_the_Monuments_Coins_of_the_Sada_Dynasty_of_the_Coastal_Andhra_Region)” In *Amaravati: The Art of an Early Buddhist Monument in Context*, edited by Akira Shimada and Michael Willis, 37–45. London: British Museum. 2016.

Grousset, René. *The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia*. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1970.

Mitra, Debala. [*Buddhist Monuments*](https://archive.org/details/BuddhistMonuments/page/n7/mode/2up)*.* Calcutta: Sahitya Samsad, 1971.

Neelis, Jason. [*Early Buddhist Transmission and Trade Networks: Mobility and Exchange within and beyond the Northwestern Borderlands of South Asia*](https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h16r)*.* Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2011.

Stone, Elizabeth Rosen. *The Buddhist Art of Nāgārjunakoṇḍa*. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1994.

Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. *A History of South India: From Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar*. 3rd ed. London: Oxford University Press, 1966.

Schwartzberg, Joseph E., Shiva G. Bajpai, and American Geographical Society of New York. [*A Historical Atlas of South Asia: 2nd impression, with additional material*](https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/schwartzberg/)*.* Association for Asian Studies Reference Series, No. 2. New York; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992.

Thapar, Romila. *Somanatha: The Many Voices of a History.* New Delhi; New York: Penguin, 2004.

Singh, Upinder. “Sanchi: The History of the Patronage of an Ancient Buddhist Establishment.” *Indian Economic and Social History Review* 33, no. 1 (March 1996): 1–35. \[<https://doi.org/10.1177/001946469603300101>\]

Spink, Walter. *Ajaṇtạ̄: History and Development, Volume 1. The End of the Golden Age.* Leiden, Boston: Brill, 2005.

Verma, Rajiv Kumar. “[Kalachuri Inscriptions: A Reflection of Dwindling Political Power.](http://docplayer.net/51530726-Kalachuri-inscriptions-a-reflection-of-dwindling-political-power.html)” *Veethika* 1, no. 3 (December 2015): 53–61.

Wink, André. *Al-Hind, the Making of the Indo-Islamic World.* Leiden; New York: Brill, 1990.

Zin, Monika. “Mandhatar, the Universal Monarch, and the Meaning of Representations of the Cakravartin in the Amaravati School, and of the Kings on the Kanaganahalli Stupa.” In *Buddhist Narrative in Asia and Beyond: In Honor of HRH Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn on Her Fifty-Fifth Birth Anniversary,* edited by Peter Skilling, and Justin McDaniel. Bangkok: Institute of Thai Studies, Chulalongkorn University, 2012.

Singh, Arvind K. "Interpreting the History of the Paramāras." *Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society* 22, no. 1 (January 2012): 13–28. \[<https://www.jstor.org/stable/41490371>; not open access\]

Caudhurī, Ābadula Mamina. *Dynastic History of Bengal, c. 750–1200 A.D.* Asiatic Society of Pakistan Publications, No. 21. Dacca: Asiatic Society of Pakistan, 1967.

Singh, Upinder. *A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century.* New Delhi; Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, 2008.

Huntington, Susan L. *The ‘Pāla-Sena’ Schools of Sculpture.* Studies in South Asian Culture, Vol. 10. Leiden: Brill, 1984. \[<https://brill.com/view/title/5673>; not open access\]